100mm Ruby Rod: Sehatsetsi sa Laser se Nepahetseng bakeng sa Litšebeliso tsa Saense le tsa Indasteri

100mm Ruby Rod: Sehatsetsi sa Laser se Nepahetseng bakeng sa Ditshebediso tsa Saense le tsa Diindasteri Setšoantšo se Hlahisitsoeng

Tlhaloso e Khutšoanyane:

Thupa ea ruby ea 100mm ke sesebelisoa sa ho fumana matla sa laser se sebelisoang haholo, se khetholloang ke bolelele ba eona bo bofubelu bo hlakileng ba 694.3 nm. E entsoe ka corundum ea maiketsetso (Al₂O₃) e nang le li-ion tsa chromium (Cr³⁺), thupa ena ea ruby e fana ka botsitso bo botle ba mocheso le optical, e leng se etsang hore e be e loketseng litsamaiso tse fapaneng tsa laser tse nang le matla a tlase ho isa bohareng. Ka bolelele ba 100mm, thupa ea ruby e leka-lekanya bokhoni ba polokelo ea matla le moralo o monyane, e nolofalletsang ho kopanngoa ho tenyetsehang lisebelisoa tsa laser tsa thuto, tsa saense le tse ling tsa indasteri.

Ka mashome a lilemo, molamu oa ruby o sebelelitse e le karolo ea motheo ea laser lilaboratoring tsa optics, lipontšong tsa laser, le litsamaisong tsa ho hokahanya ka nepo. Boholo ba 100mm bo emela khetho e tloaelehileng e lumellanang le mefuta e mengata ea likoti tsa resonator. Polish e ntle ea bokaholimo ba molamu oa ruby, ponaletso ea optical, le matla a mechini li etsa hore e be khetho e tšoarellang le e tšepahalang leha mahlale a macha a ntse a hlaha.

Romella imeile ho rona

Likaroloana

Setšoantšo se qaqileng

Selelekela

Molao-motheo oa Tlhahiso

Tlhahiso ea lere la ruby e kenyelletsa mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea ho holisa kristale joalo ka mokhoa oa Verneuil flame fusion kapa mokhoa oa ho hula oa Czochralski. Nakong ea tlhahiso, aluminium oxide e tšeloa ka chromium oxide e nepahetseng ho etsa kristale e tšoanang ea ruby. Hang ha boule e se e holile, e sekamisoa, e sehiloe, 'me e bōpehe hore e be lere la ruby la litekanyo tse lakatsehang—100mm tabeng ena.

Thupa e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea ruby e tla be e sebelisoa ka mokhoa o thata oa ho bentša le ho koahela. Lifahleho tsa qetello lia kobeha le ho penta ho fihlela li bataletse ka tekanyo ea laser (λ/10 kapa ho feta) 'me li ka 'na tsa koaheloa ka mekhahlelo ea dielectric e phahameng ea ho bonahatsa (HR) kapa e khahlanong le ho bonahatsa (AR) ho lumellana le meralo e itseng ea cavity ea laser. Thupa ea ruby e tlameha ho se be le lintho tse kenyellelitsoeng le tse qalikaneng ho netefatsa ho pompa ha optical ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng le tahlehelo e fokolang ea ho hasana.

Li-ion tsa chromium tse ka har'a molamu oa ruby li monya khanya sebakeng se setala/seputsoa. Ha li pompeloa ke lebone la flash, li qala ho ba le matla a phahameng. Ha li khutlela boemong ba tsona ba mobu, li ntša li-photon tse khubelu tse kopaneng, li qala karabelo ea ketane ea tlhahiso e susumelitsoeng - ka hona li hlahisa tlhahiso ea laser. Molamu oa ruby oa 100mm o etselitsoe ho fihlella polokelo ea matla e sebetsang hantle le nako e ntle ea fluorescence.

Paramethara

Thepa	Boleng
Foromo ea Lik'hemik'hale	Cr³⁺:Al₂O₃
Sistimi ea kristale	Trigonal
Litekanyo tsa Sele ea Yuniti (Hexagonal)	a = 4.785 Åc = 12.99 Å
Botebo ba X-Ray	3.98 g/cm³
Sebaka sa ho Qhibiliha	2040°C
Katoloso ea Thermal @ 323 K	E otlolohileng ho ea ho c-axis: 5 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹E tsamaellanang le c-axis: 6.7 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹
Ho tsamaisa mocheso @ 300 K	28 W/m·K
Bothata	Li-Mohs: 9, Knoop: 2000 kg/mm²
Modulus ea Young	345 GPa
Mocheso o Ikhethang @ 291 K	761 J/kg·K
Paramethara ea ho Hanela Khatello ea Mocheso (Rₜ)	34 W/cm

Litšebeliso tsa Liropo tsa Ruby Liindastering Tsohle

Lithupa tsa ruby, tse entsoeng ka aluminium oxide ea maiketsetso e le 'ngoe e nang le li-ion tsa chromium, li ananeloa haholo ka lebaka la motsoako oa tsona o ikhethang oa ho thatafala ha 'mele, botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale le thepa e makatsang ea mahlo. Litšobotsi tsena li etsa hore lithupa tsa ruby e be thepa ea boleng bo holimo bakeng sa mefuta e mengata ea lits'ebetso tsa indasteri, tsa saense le tsa ho nepahala. Ka tlase ke makala a bohlokoa moo lithupa tsa ruby li tsoelang pele ho bontša boleng bo ikhethang:

1. Theknoloji ea Laser le Photonics

Lithupa tsa Ruby li sebetsa e le mokhoa oa ho fumana matla ho li-laser tsa ruby, li ntša leseli le lefubelu ho 694.3 nm ha li pompeloa ka optical. Leha mekhoa e meng ea sejoale-joale e kang Nd:YAG le li-laser tsa fiber e busa 'marakeng, li-laser tsa ruby li ntse li khethoa masimong a khethehileng a kang:

Ngaka ea letlalo (tattoo le ho tlosoa ha liso)
Lisebelisoa tsa pontšo ea thuto
Patlisiso ea mahlo e hlokang nako e telele ea ho otla ha pelo le boleng bo phahameng ba mahlaseli

Ho hlaka ho babatsehang ha optical le bokgoni ba ho fetola matla ba ruby ho etsa hore e be ntle bakeng sa taolo e nepahetseng ya photonic le emission.

2. Boenjiniere bo Nepahetseng le Metrology

Ka lebaka la ho thatafala ha tsona ho hoholo (sekala sa Mohs sa 9), lithupa tsa ruby li sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tsa ho lekanya tse thehiloeng ho hokahanngoa, ho kenyeletsoa:

Malebela a stylus ka har'a mechini ea ho lekanya e kopanetsoeng (CMMs)
Liphuputso ka har'a lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo e nepahetseng
Lintlha tsa litšupiso tse nepahetseng haholo ho litekanyo tsa optical le tsa mechine

Lisebelisoa tsena li itšetlehile ka ho hanyetsa ha ruby ho feto-fetoha ha eona, ho netefatsa ho nepahala ha tekanyo ea nako e telele ntle le ho tsofala.

3. Lisebelisoa tsa ho Etsa Lioache le tsa ho Bea Li-Micro-Bearing

Horology ea maemo a holimo, lithupa tsa ruby li sebetsoa ho ba li-bearings tsa mabenyane—likarolo tse nyenyane tse fokotsang khohlano le ho tsofala metsamaong ea oache ea mechine. Khokahano ea tsona e tlase le ho tiea ho hoholo li tlatsetsa ho:

Ts'ebetso e boreleli ea literene tsa lisebelisoa
Nako e telele ea bophelo ba likarolo tsa oache tsa kahare
Ho ntlafala botsitso ba ho boloka nako

Ka ntle ho lioache, lithupa tsa ruby li boetse li sebelisoa ho li-micro-motor, li-flow sensor, le li-gyroscope moo ho hlokahalang khohlano le ts'epo e tlase haholo.

4. Mekhoa ea Lifofane le ea ho Hloekisa Baeti

Libakeng tsa lifofane, sathelaete, le libaka tse nang le vacuum e ngata, lithupa tsa ruby li sebelisoa e le li-spacer, li-support pin le litataiso tsa optical. Melemo ea tsona ea bohlokoa e kenyelletsa:

Boitšoaro bo sa arabeleng maemong a mabifi a lik'hemik'hale
Khanyetso e ntle ea mocheso le botsitso bo boholo
Ho se be le tšitiso ea makenete bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse utloang motlakase

Likarolo tsena li lumella lithupa tsa ruby ho sebetsa hantle tlas'a maemo a feteletseng, ho kenyeletsoa ho pepesehela mahlaseli a kotsi, liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa mocheso le khatello ea vacuum.

5. Lisebelisoa tsa Tlhahlobo le tsa Bongaka

Lithupa tsa ruby li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho lisebelisoa tse rarahaneng, haholo-holo moo ho lumellana ha lintho tse phelang le ho se sebetse ha lik'hemik'hale ho leng bohlokoa.

Li-probe tse nang le ntlha ea safire ho spectroscopy le tlhahlobo ea mafu
Li-nozzle tse nepahetseng kapa likarolo tsa taolo ea phallo ka har'a li-analyzer
Lithupa tse tšoarellang haholo lisebelisoa tsa othomathike tsa laboratori

Bokaholimo ba tsona bo hloekileng, bo tsitsitseng le ho hanyetsa mafome li etsa hore li be ntle bakeng sa ho kopana le lisampole tsa baeloji kapa maro a arabelang.

6. Lihlahisoa tsa Mabothobotho le Moralo o Sebetsang

Ntle le ts'ebetso e hloekileng, lithupa tsa ruby ka linako tse ling li kopanngoa le lipene tsa mabothobotho, li-compasses, likotoana tsa mabenyane le li-scope tsa optical—tse sebetsang e le likarolo tsa sebopeho le mekhabiso. 'Mala oa tsona o mofubelu o tebileng le libaka tse bentšitsoeng li tlatsetsa ho: