Di-semiconductor di sebetsa e le lejwe la motheo la mehla ya tlhahisoleseding, ka phetoho e nngwe le e nngwe ya thepa e hlalosang botjha meedi ya theknoloji ya batho. Ho tloha ho di-semiconductor tse thehilweng ho silicon ya moloko wa pele ho isa ho disebediswa tsa moloko wa bone tse pharaletseng haholo tsa bandgap tsa kajeno, kgato e nngwe le e nngwe ya ho iphetola ha dintho e tsamaisitse kgatelopele e fetolang dipuisanong, matla le dikhomphutha. Ka ho sekaseka dibopeho le mohopolo wa phetoho ya moloko wa disebediswa tse teng tsa semiconductor, re ka bolela esale pele ditsela tse ka bang teng bakeng sa di-semiconductor tsa moloko wa bohlano ha re ntse re hlahloba ditsela tsa mawa tsa China lebaleng lena la tlholisano.
I. Litšobotsi le Maikutlo a Tsoelo-pele a Meloko e Mene ea Semiconductor
Li-semiconductor tsa Moloko oa Pele: Nako ea Motheo oa Silicon-Germanium
Litšobotsi: Li-semiconductor tsa motheo tse kang silicon (Si) le germanium (Ge) li fana ka ts'ebetso e ntle ea litšenyehelo le lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso tse hōlileng tsebong, leha ho le joalo li na le likheo tse moqotetsane (Si: 1.12 eV; Ge: 0.67 eV), tse fokotsang mamello ea motlakase le ts'ebetso ea maqhubu a phahameng.
Ditshebediso: Dipotoloho tse kopaneng, disele tsa letsatsi, disebediswa tse nang le motlakase o tlase/maqhubu a tlase.
Mokhanni oa Phetoho: Tlhoko e ntseng e hola ea ts'ebetso ea maqhubu a phahameng/mocheso o phahameng ho li-optoelectronics e feta bokhoni ba silicon.
Li-semiconductor tsa Moloko oa Bobeli: Phetohelo ea Metsoako ea III-V
Litšobotsi: Metsoako ea III-V e kang gallium arsenide (GaAs) le indium phosphide (InP) e na le li-bandgaps tse pharaletseng (GaAs: 1.42 eV) le motsamao o phahameng oa lielektrone bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa RF le photonic.
Ditshebediso: Disebediswa tsa 5G RF, di-diode tsa laser, puisano ya sathelaete.
Liphephetso: Khaello ea thepa (bongata ba indium: 0.001%), likarolo tse chefo (arsenic), le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa tlhahiso.
Mokhanni oa Phetoho: Lisebelisoa tsa matla/matla li hloka thepa e nang le li-voltage tse phahameng tsa ho senyeha.
Li-semiconductor tsa Moloko oa Boraro: Phetohelo ea Matla a Wide Bandgap
Litšobotsi: Silicon carbide (SiC) le gallium nitride (GaN) li fana ka li-bandgaps >3eV (SiC:3.2eV; GaN:3.4eV), tse nang le conductivity e phahameng ea mocheso le litšobotsi tsa maqhubu a phahameng.
Lisebelisoa: Li-powertrain tsa motlakase oa motlakase, li-inverter tsa PV, meralo ea motheo ea 5G.
Melemo: Ho boloka matla ka 50%+ le phokotso ea boholo ka 70% ha ho bapisoa le silicon.
Mokhanni oa Phetoho: Khomphutha ea AI/quantum e hloka lisebelisoa tse nang le litekanyo tse feteletseng tsa ts'ebetso.
Li-semiconductor tsa Moloko oa Bone: Moeli oa Bandgap o Pharaletseng ka Bophara
Litšobotsi: Gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) le daemane (C) li fihlella likheo tse fihlang ho 4.8eV, li kopanya khanyetso e tlase haholo le mamello ea motlakase oa sehlopha sa kV.
Ditshebediso: Di-IC tse nang le motlakase o phahameng haholo, di-deep-UV deep detectors, puisano ya quantum.
Liphetho tse Ncha: Lisebelisoa tsa Ga₂O₃ li mamella >8kV, e leng se eketsang katleho ea SiC hararo.
Mokhoa oa ho Iphetola ha Lintho: Ho hlokahala ho tlola ho hoholo ha ts'ebetso ea quantum ho hlola meeli ea 'mele.
I. Mekhoa ea Semiconductor ea Moloko oa Bohlano: Lisebelisoa tsa Quantum le Meralo ea 2D
Li-vector tse ka bang teng tsa nts'etsopele li kenyelletsa:
1. Li-Insulator tsa Topological: Ho tsamaisa bokaholimo ka ho kenya mocheso ka bongata ho nolofalletsa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse se nang tahlehelo.
2. Lisebelisoa tsa 2D: Graphene/MoS₂ li fana ka karabelo ea maqhubu a THz le ho lumellana ha lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse tenyetsehang.
3. Matheba a Quantum le Likristale tsa Photonic: Boenjiniere ba Bandgap bo nolofalletsa kopanyo ea optoelectronic-thermal.
4. Bio-Semiconductors: Disebediswa tse iketsang tse itshetlehileng ka DNA/protheine tse kopanyang baeloji le dieleketeroniki.
5. Bakhanni ba Bohlokoa: AI, li-interface tsa boko le khomphutha, le litlhoko tsa superconductivity ea mocheso oa kamore.
II. Menyetla ea Semiconductor ea Chaena: Ho tloha ho Molateli ho ea ho Moetapele
1. Lintlafatso tsa Theknoloji
• Moloko oa 3: Tlhahiso e kholo ea li-substrate tsa SiC tsa lisenthimithara tse 8; li-MOSFET tsa SiC tsa sehlopha sa likoloi likoloing tsa BYD
• Moloko oa bone: Lintlafatso tsa Ga₂O₃ epitaxy tsa lisenthimithara tse 8 ke XUPT le CETC46
2. Tšehetso ea Leano
• Morero oa Lilemo tse Hlano oa bo-14 o beha pele li-semiconductor tsa moloko oa boraro
• Ho thehilwe matlole a indasteri a li-yuan tse libilione tse lekholo a profenseng
• Disebediswa tsa GaN tsa di-inch tse 6-8 le di-transistors tsa Ga₂O₃ di thathamisitswe hara tse 10 tse tswetseng pele ka theknoloji ka 2024.
III. Liphephetso le Litharollo tsa Maano
1. Litšitiso tsa Tekheniki
• Kgolo ya kristale: Poelo e tlase bakeng sa dibolo tse kgolo (mohlala, ho petsoha ha Ga₂O₃)
• Maemo a ho Tšepahala: Ho hloka melaoana e thehiloeng bakeng sa liteko tsa botsofali tse matla haholo/tse atisang ho ba teng khafetsa
2. Likheo tsa Ketane ea Phepelo
• Lisebelisoa: <20% ea lintho tse fumanehang malapeng bakeng sa balemi ba kristale ea SiC
• Kamohelo: Khetho e theohelang bakeng sa likarolo tse tsoang kantle ho naha
3. Litsela tsa Maano
• Tšebelisano-'moho ea Indasteri le Thuto: E entsoe ho latela "Selekane sa Semiconductor sa Moloko oa Boraro"
• Tsepamiso ea Niche: Beha pele puisano ea quantum/mebaraka e mecha ea matla
• Ntlafatso ea Litalenta: Theha mananeo a thuto a "Chip Science & Engineering"
Ho tloha ho silicon ho isa ho Ga₂O₃, phetoho ea semiconductor e tlaleha tlhōlo ea batho holim'a meeli ea 'mele. Monyetla oa Chaena o ho tseba lisebelisoa tsa moloko oa bone ha ka nako e ts'oanang o bula boqapi ba moloko oa bohlano. Joalokaha Setsebi sa Thuto Yang Deren a hlokometse: "Boqapi ba 'nete bo hloka ho theha litsela tse sa tsamauoeng." Tšebelisano-'moho ea leano, motse-moholo le theknoloji e tla etsa qeto ea qetello ea semiconductor ea Chaena.
XKH e hlahile e le mofani oa litharollo tse kopaneng ka ho toba ea ikhethang ka thepa e tsoetseng pele ea semiconductor melokong e mengata ea theknoloji. Ka bokhoni ba mantlha bo akaretsang kholo ea kristale, ts'ebetso e nepahetseng, le mahlale a ho roala a sebetsang, XKH e fana ka li-substrate tse sebetsang hantle le li-wafer tsa epitaxial bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse tsoetseng pele tsa elektroniki ea motlakase, puisano ea RF, le litsamaiso tsa optoelectronic. Tikoloho ea rona ea tlhahiso e kenyelletsa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng tsa ho hlahisa li-wafer tsa silicon carbide tsa lisenthimithara tse 4-8 le gallium nitride tse nang le taolo e etellang pele ea liphoso indastering, ha e ntse e boloka mananeo a R&D a mafolofolo lisebelisoa tse hlahang tsa bandgap tse pharaletseng ho kenyeletsoa li-semiconductor tsa gallium oxide le daemane. Ka tšebelisano-'moho ea maano le litsi tse etellang pele tsa lipatlisiso le bahlahisi ba lisebelisoa, XKH e thehile sethala sa tlhahiso se tenyetsehang se khonang ho ts'ehetsa tlhahiso e phahameng ea lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng le nts'etsopele e ikhethang ea litharollo tsa thepa tse ikhethileng. Botsebi ba tekheniki ba XKH bo shebane le ho sebetsana le liphephetso tsa bohlokoa tsa indasteri tse kang ho ntlafatsa ho tšoana ha li-wafer bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa motlakase, ho ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea mocheso lits'ebetsong tsa RF, le ho nts'etsapele li-heterostructure tse ncha bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa photonic tsa moloko o latelang. Ka ho kopanya saense e tsoetseng pele ea thepa le bokhoni ba boenjiniere bo nepahetseng, XKH e nolofalletsa bareki ho hlola lithibelo tsa ts'ebetso lits'ebetsong tse sebetsang khafetsa, matla a phahameng, le tikoloho e feteletseng ha ba ntse ba tšehetsa phetoho ea indasteri ea semiconductor ea lehae ho ea boikemelong bo boholo ba ketane ea phepelo.
Tse latelang ke wafer ea sapphire ea XKH ea lisenthimithara tse 12 le substrate ea SiC ea lisenthimithara tse 12:
Nako ea poso: Phuptjane-06-2025