Bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse kang li-smartphone le li-smartwatches li fetohile metsoalle ea bohlokoa. Lisebelisoa tsena li ntse li e-ba tšesaane le ho feta empa li le matla le ho feta. Na u kile ua ipotsa hore na ke eng e nolofaletsang ho iphetola ha tsona ho tsoelang pele? Karabo e itšetlehile ka thepa ea semiconductor, 'me kajeno, re tsepamisa maikutlo ho e' ngoe ea tse hlaheletseng ka ho fetisisa har'a tsona - kristale ea safire.
Crystal ea Sapphire, eo haholo-holo e entsoeng ka α-Al₂O₃, e na le liathomo tse tharo tsa oksijene le liathomo tse peli tsa aluminium tse hokahaneng ka kopanelo, li etsa sebopeho sa hexagonal lattice. Le hoja e tšoana le sapphire ea mofuta oa lehakoe ka ponahalo, likristale tsa safire tsa indasteri li totobatsa ts'ebetso e phahameng. Inert ea lik'hemik'hale, ha e qhibilihe metsing 'me e hanyetsana le li-acids le alkalis, e sebetsa e le "thebe ea lik'hemik'hale" e bolokang botsitso libakeng tse thata. Ho feta moo, e bonts'a ponaletso e ntle haholo ea optical, e lumellang phetiso e sebetsang ea khanya; conductivity e matla ea mocheso, ho thibela ho chesa; le insulation e hlahelletseng ea motlakase, e netefatsang phetiso e tsitsitseng ea mats'oao ntle le ho lutla. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanelang, safire e ithorisa ka boima ba Mohs ba 9, ea bobeli ho daemane, e e etsa hore e se ke ea senyeha haholo le ho khoholeha ha mobu - e loketseng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse batlang.
Sebetsa sa Lekunutu ho Tlhahiso ea Chip
(1) Lintho tse ka Sehloohong bakeng sa Li-Chips tse Matla a Tlase
Ha mokhoa oa elektroniki o lebisa ho miniaturization le ts'ebetso e phahameng, li-chips tsa matla a tlase li fetohile tsa bohlokoa. Lits'oants'o tsa setso li na le ho senyeha ha insulation botenya ba nanoscale, ho lebisang ho lutla ha hona joale, ho eketseha ha tšebeliso ea matla le ho futhumala ho feteletseng, e leng ho behang botsitso le nako ea bophelo kotsing.
Bafuputsi Setsing sa Shanghai sa Microsystem le Information Technology (SIMIT), Setsi sa Sechaena sa Saense, ba ile ba hlahisa liphaephe tsa maiketsetso tsa safire tse sebelisang theknoloji ea oxidation ea tšepe, ho fetola aluminium e le 'ngoe ea kristale hore e be alumina e le 'ngoe ea kristale (sapphire). Ka botenya ba 1 nm, thepa ena e bonts'a ho lutla ha morao-rao, ho feta li-dielectric tse tloaelehileng tsa amorphous ka liodara tse peli tsa boholo ho fokotsa sekhahla sa mmuso le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba sebopeho ka li-semiconductors tsa 2D. Ho kopanya sena le lisebelisoa tsa 2D ho thusa li-chips tse nang le matla a tlase, ho lelefatsa bophelo ba betri haholo ho li-smartphones le ho matlafatsa botsitso lits'ebetsong tsa AI le IoT.
(2) The Perfect Partner bakeng sa Gallium Nitride (GaN)
Lefapheng la semiconductor, gallium nitride (GaN) e hlahile e le naleli e khanyang ka lebaka la melemo ea eona e ikhethang. E le lisebelisoa tsa semiconductor tse nang le marang-rang a pharaletseng a nang le sehlopha sa 3.4 eV-e kholo haholo ho feta silicon's 1.1 eV-GaN e ipabola ka ho sebelisa mocheso o phahameng, oa matla a phahameng le a maqhubu a phahameng. Ho tsamaea ha eona ka elektronike e phahameng le matla a bohlokoa a ho senyeha ha tšimo ho etsa hore e be thepa e loketseng bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tse nang le matla a phahameng, mocheso o phahameng, maqhubu a phahameng le khanya e phahameng. Ho lisebelisoa tsa elektronike tsa matla, lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho GaN li sebetsa ka maqhubu a phahameng a nang le tšebeliso e tlaase ea matla, tse fanang ka ts'ebetso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa phetolo ea matla le tsamaiso ea matla. Lipuisanong tsa microwave, GaN e thusa likarolo tse matla, tse tsamaeang ka maqhubu a phahameng joalo ka liamplifiers tsa 5G, ho matlafatsa boleng ba phetisetso ea mats'oao le botsitso.
Sapphire crystal e nkuoa e le "molekane ea phethahetseng" bakeng sa GaN. Le hoja lesela la eona le sa lumellaneng le GaN le phahame ho feta la silicon carbide (SiC), li-sapphire substrates li bonts'a mocheso o fokolang oa mocheso nakong ea GaN epitaxy, e fanang ka motheo o tsitsitseng oa kholo ea GaN. Ho feta moo, ts'ebetso e ntle ea mocheso oa safire le ho pepeseha ha khanya ho thusa ho qhala mocheso ka mokhoa o nepahetseng lisebelisoa tsa GaN tse matla, ho netefatsa botsitso ba ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea tlhahiso ea khanya. Lintho tsa eona tse phahameng tsa ho kenya motlakase li fokotsa ho kena-kenana le matšoao le tahlehelo ea matla. Ho kopana ha safire le GaN ho lebisitse ho nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso, ho kenyelletsa le li-LED tse thehiloeng ho GaN, tse laolang mabone le limmaraka tsa lipontšo-ho tloha malapeng a LED bulbs ho ea ho li-skrini tse kholo tsa ka ntle-hammoho le laser diode tse sebelisoang puisanong ea optical le ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng oa laser.
Sephaphatha sa XKH's GaN-on-sapphire
Ho Atolosa Meeli ea Likopo tsa Semiconductor
(1) The "Shield" ho Likopo tsa Sesole le Sefofane
Thepa ea lisebelisoa tsa sesole le tsa sefofane hangata li sebetsa tlas'a maemo a feteletseng. Sebakeng, lifofa-sebakeng li mamella mocheso o batlang o le sieo ka ho feletseng, mahlaseli a matla a bokahohleng le liphephetso tsa tikoloho e se nang letho. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, lifofane tsa sesole li tobana le mocheso o fetang 1,000 ° C ka lebaka la ho futhumala ha moea nakong ea sefofane sa lebelo le phahameng, hammoho le meroalo e phahameng ea mechine le tšitiso ea motlakase.
Thepa e ikhethang ea kristale ea Sapphire e e etsa sesebelisoa se loketseng bakeng sa likarolo tsa bohlokoa masimong ana. Ho hanyetsa ha eona ka mokhoa o ikhethang oa mocheso o phahameng-ho mamella ho fihlela ho 2,045 ° C ha ho ntse ho boloka botšepehi ba sebopeho-ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e ka tšeptjoang tlas'a khatello ea mocheso. Ho thatafala ha mahlaseli a eona ho boetse ho boloka ts'ebetso tikolohong ea cosmic le nyutlelie, ho sireletsa ka katleho lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse bobebe. Litšobotsi tsena li entse hore safire e sebelisoe haholo lifensetereng tse nang le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso (IR). Lits'ebetsong tsa tataiso ea limisaele, lifensetere tsa IR li tlameha ho boloka ho hlaka ha mocheso o feteletseng le lebelo ho netefatsa ho fumanoa ha sepheo se nepahetseng. Lifensetere tsa IR tse thehiloeng ho Sapphire li kopanya botsitso bo phahameng ba mocheso le phetisetso e phahameng ea IR, ho ntlafatsa haholo ho nepahala ha tataiso. Sebakeng sa sefofane, safire e sireletsa lisebelisoa tsa satellite optical, e nolofalletsang litšoantšo tse hlakileng maemong a thata a orbital.
XKH'slifensetere tsa sapphire optical
(2) Motheo o Mocha oa Superconductors le Microelectronics
Ka mokhoa o phahameng ka ho fetisisa, safire e sebetsa e le setsi sa bohlokoa bakeng sa lifilimi tse tšesaane tse nang le superconducting, tse nolofalletsang hore motho a se ke a hlola a e-ba teng—ho fetola phetiso ea motlakase, literene tsa maglev le tsamaiso ea MRI. Lifilimi tse sebetsang hantle haholo tse sebetsang hantle li hloka li-substrates tse nang le meaho e tsitsitseng ea lattice, 'me tšebelisano ea safire le lisebelisoa tse joalo ka magnesium diboride (MgB₂) e lumella kholo ea lifilimi tse nang le letsoalo le matla la hajoale le matla a matla a khoheli. Ka mohlala, likhoele tsa motlakase tse sebelisang lifilimi tsa superconducting tse tšehelitsoeng ke safire li ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea phetisetso ka ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea matla.
Ho li-microelectronics, li-sapphire substrates tse nang le li-crystallographic orientations tse khethehileng-tse kang R-plane (<1-102>) le A-plane (<11-20>)-li nolofalletsa likarolo tsa silicon epitaxial tse hlophisitsoeng bakeng sa li-circuits tse tsoetseng pele tse kopantsoeng (ICs). R-plane sapphire e fokotsa bokooa ba kristale ho li-IC tsa lebelo le phahameng, e matlafatsa lebelo la ts'ebetso le botsitso, ha thepa e sireletsang ea A-plane sapphire le tumello ea junifomo e ntlafatsa li-microelectronics tse nyalisitsoeng le ho kopanya ha superconductor ea mocheso o phahameng. Li-substrates tsena li tšehetsa li-chips tsa mantlha lits'ebetsong tsa likhomphutha tse sebetsang hantle le tsa mehala.
XKH'sAlN-on-NPSS Wafer
Bokamoso ba Sapphire Crystal ho Semiconductors
Sapphire e se e bonts'itse boleng bo boholo ho li-semiconductors, ho tloha ho boqapi ba li-chip ho isa sebakeng sa sefofane le li-superconductors. Ha theknoloji e ntse e tsoela pele, karolo ea eona e tla hola le ho feta. Ka bohlale ba maiketsetso, li-chips tse tšehetsoeng ke safire tse matla a tlase, tse sebetsang hantle li tla tsamaisa tsoelo-pele ea AI ho tsa bophelo bo botle, lipalangoang le licheleteng. Ho computing ea quantum, thepa ea safire e e beha e le mokhethoa ea tšepisang bakeng sa ho kopanya qubit. Ho sa le joalo, lisebelisoa tsa GaN-on-sapphire li tla kopana le litlhoko tse ntseng li eketseha tsa lisebelisoa tsa puisano tsa 5G/6G. Ha re ea pele, safire e tla lula e le lejoe la motheo la ntlafatso ea semiconductor, e matlafatsang tsoelo-pele ea batho ea theknoloji.
XKH's GaN-on-sapphire epitaxial wafer
XKH e fana ka lifensetere tsa safire tse entsoeng ka mokhoa o nepahetseng le lisebelisoa tsa GaN-on-sapphire bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele. Ka ho sebelisa khōlo ea kristale le theknoloji ea ho bentša nanoscale, re fana ka lifensetere tsa safire tse bataletseng tse nang le phetiso e ikhethang ho tloha ho UV ho ea ho IR spectra, e loketseng sebaka sa sefofane, ts'ireletso le lisebelisoa tsa laser tse matla haholo.
Nako ea poso: Apr-18-2025